基于单片机的照明控制系统

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基于单片机的照明控制系统

摘要

随着电子技术的飞速发展，基于单片机的控制系统已广泛应用于工业、农业、电力、电子、

智能楼宇等行业，微型计算机作为嵌入式控制系统的主体与核心，代替了传统的控制系统

的常规电子线路。同时楼宇智能化的发展与成熟，也为基于单片机的照明控制系统的普及

与应用奠定了坚实的基础。

本文阐述了照明的有线、无线控制方式设计原理与实现方法。以设计过程为主线，分别从

硬件和软件两个方面描述设计过程，即从硬件电路的设计方法到实现所要求功能的软件技

术。该照明控制系统的主控制器、分控制器分别是以 AT89C51 与AT89C2051 单片机为基础，

实现了有线通信、无线数传、控制与显示等功能。文中详细地描述了控制电路的设计过程，

包括：键盘与 LED 显示电路、RS485 通信电路、无线数传电路、照明灯控制电路以及看门狗

电路等。对于软件设计主要有主控制器、分控制器的有线通信程序设计与无线数字传输程序

设计以及灯光控制、定时控制、键盘扫描与 LED 显示等程序设计。有线通信程序的功能是：

通过 RS485 主从通信方式，由主控制器发出命令对全部或单个分控制器所控制的照明灯实

现开启、关闭、灯光亮度调节、定时控制等功能。无线数传程序设计的功能是：通过无线数传

模块实现照明灯的无线遥控，同样实现有线方式控制的功能。

关键词：主控制器，分控制器，单片机，有线通信，无线数传，灯

光亮度控制，定时控制

The Control System for Lighting Based on

Single–chip Microcomputer

Abstract

With the rapid development of electronic technology, the system of control based

on Single-chip Microcomputer is widely applied in industry, agriculture, electric

power, electron, intelligent building and so on. Microcomputer, as the subject and

core of the embedded system of control, replaces the traditional system—electronic

circuit. At the same time, the development and maturation of the intelligent building

have established the substantial foundation for the popularization and application of

the control system for lighting based on single-chip microcomputer.

The paper expatiates on the designing theories and implementation method of the

control system for lighting by wired or wireless communications. Taking the

designing process as mainline, it describes the process of designing from two respects

—hardware and software. In another word, the paper describes the process from the

method of circuit designing to the software technology of realizing the demanded

functions. The host controller of the control system for lighting is based on AT89C51

single-chip microcomputer, and the auxiliary ones are based on AT89C2051. The

system can do many jobs, such as wired communication, wireless data transmitting,

controlling and display. The paper describes the designing process of the circuit at

length, including: keyboard and LED display circuit, RS485 communication circuit,

wireless transmitting circuit, control circuit of lighting, watchdog circuit, etc. The

designing of software mainly includes the several programming, such as wired

communication, wireless data transmitting, lamplight controlling, timed controlling,

keyboard scanning and LED displaying. The wired communication programming

function is that through Master-slave communication method based on RS485 the host

controller sends orders to the all auxiliary controllers or each one, including: turning

on lighting, turning off lighting, regulating brightness of lighting, controlling timed

lighting, etc. The wireless data transmitting programming function is that by wireless

transmitter it realizes wireless controlling of the lighting, and achieves the functions

identical to wired communication.

Key Words: Host controller, Auxiliary controller, Single-chip microcomputer, Wired

communication, Wireless data transmitting, controlling brightness of lighting, Timed

controlling

摘要·····················································1

Abstract··················································2

第一章序言·······················································6

1.1 单片机应用技术···················································6

1.2 有线通信技术···················································7

1.3 无线数传技术···················································7

1.4 本章小结···················································8

第二章基于单片机的照明控制系统的设计框架和性能························9

2.1 系统设计要点···················································9

2.2 系统的结构···················································9

2.3 系统性能指标与技术要求···········································11

2.4 本章小结···················································12

第三章基于单片机的照明控制系统的硬件电路设计·······················13

3.1 主控制器的电路设计············································13

3.1.1 键盘的接口设计···················································14

3.1.2 LED 数码显示的接口设计···········································14

3.1.3 看门狗监控电路的设计··················································14

3.2 分控制器的电路设计·················································15

3.2.1 时钟芯片的接口设计··············································16

3.2.2 零点检测与可控硅控制电路的设计·····························16

3.3 RS485 通信电路的设计···········································17

3.4 无线数传电路的设计···············································20

3.4.1 无线数传电路的连接···········································20

3.4.2 SRWF-1 模块的特性·······································20

3.5 本章小结···················································21

第四章基于单片机的照明控制系统的软件设计······························22

4.1 人机交互程序设计··········································22

4.1.1 键盘扫描程序设计········································23

4.1.2 LED 数码显示程序设计·············································25

4.2 照明启停控制程序设计·············································26

4.2.1 全部启停控制程序设计············································26

4.2.2 单独启停控制程序设计···············································28

4.3 照明亮度控制程序设计···············································30

4.3.1 全部亮度控制程序设计···············································30

4.3.2 单独亮度控制程序设计···············································32

4.4 照明定时控制程序设计···················································33

4.4.1 全部定时控制程序设计···················································33

4.4.2 单独定时控制程序设计···················································34

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摘要：

基于单片机的照明控制系统摘要随着电子技术的飞速发展，基于单片机的控制系统已广泛应用于工业、农业、电力、电子、智能楼宇等行业，微型计算机作为嵌入式控制系统的主体与核心，代替了传统的控制系统的常规电子线路。同时楼宇智能化的发展与成熟，也为基于单片机的照明控制系统的普及与应用奠定了坚实的基础。本文阐述了照明的有线、无线控制方式设计原理与实现方法。以设计过程为主线，分别从硬件和软件两个方面描述设计过程，即从硬件电路的设计方法到实现所要求功能的软件技术。该照明控制系统的主控制器、分控制器分发以AT89C51与AT89C2051单片机为基础，实现了有线通信、无线数传、控制与显示等功能。文中详细地描述了控制...

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